Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 - SSD1309 OLED Display
Introduction
Want to add a high-contrast display to your Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 project? The SSD1309 OLED 128×64 — the 2.42-inch (sometimes labeled 2.4-inch) I2C module — delivers sharp, self-emitting pixels with deep blacks and wide viewing angles that a standard LCD simply cannot match.
In this tutorial you will add the DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 library and go from a bare module to a fully functional display, covering:
What You'll Build:
- A wired I2C connection between the SSD1309 OLED and the Arduino MKR WiFi 1010
- Sketches that print text, numbers, and centered content
- Shape-drawing routines using the Adafruit GFX primitives
- Bitmap image rendering from a byte array
- Hardware-assisted scrolling in four directions
- Contrast and dim control via the library API
- Custom typeface rendering using Adafruit FreeFont headers
Real-World Use Cases for This Display:
- IoT dashboards — show live Wi-Fi sensor readings on a compact 2.42-inch screen
- Wearable gadgets — pair the MKR WiFi 1010 with the SSD1309 for a slim, portable display
- Status panels — display connection state, IP address, or alert messages at a glance
- Data loggers — overlay timestamps and measured values without an external monitor
By the end of this tutorial your Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 will be driving the SSD1309 OLED confidently across all these scenarios.
Hardware Preparation
| 1 | × | Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 | |
| 1 | × | Micro USB Cable | |
| 1 | × | SSD1309 I2C OLED Display 128x64 (2.42 inch) | |
| 1 | × | Jumper Wires |
Or you can buy the following kits:
| 1 | × | DIYables Sensor Kit (18 sensors/displays) |
Disclosure: Some of the links provided in this section are Amazon affiliate links. We may receive a commission for any purchases made through these links at no additional cost to you.
Additionally, some of these links are for products from our own brand, DIYables .
Additionally, some of these links are for products from our own brand, DIYables .
About the SSD1309 OLED Display
Unlike LCD modules that rely on a backlight, OLED displays generate light at the pixel level. The result is perfect blacks (unlit pixels draw zero current), outstanding contrast, and true wide-angle readability. The SSD1309 driver chip is commonly found on 2.42-inch 128×64 I2C modules and offers two important advantages over the ubiquitous SSD1306:
- Register compatibility with SSD1306 — most SSD1306 libraries work after minor initialization changes, and the DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 library handles this for you automatically.
- No internal charge pump — power is supplied externally, but every commercial breakout board ships with an onboard boost converter, so there is nothing extra to wire.
Panel colour (white, blue, yellow-blue, or green) is a physical property of the OLED material and cannot be changed in software.
SSD1309 OLED Module Pinout
| Pin | Function | Connect to (MKR WiFi 1010) |
|-----|----------|---------------------------|
| GND | Ground | GND |
| VCC | Power supply | 3.3V |
| SCL | I2C serial clock | A5 |
| SDA | I2C serial data | A4 |
※ NOTE THAT:
- Pin labels can vary between manufacturers — always read the silk-screen on your specific module.
- This tutorial was developed and tested with the SSD1309 I2C OLED from DIYables.
Wiring Diagram
Connect the SSD1309 OLED to the Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 as shown below. The I2C bus uses only two signal wires, keeping your project tidy.
This image is created using Fritzing. Click to enlarge image
Connection Table
| OLED Module | Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 |
|---|---|
| VCC | 3.3V |
| GND | GND |
| SDA | A4 |
| SCL | A5 |
Setting Up Your Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 for the SSD1309 OLED
Step 1 — Install the DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 Library
- Open the Arduino IDE and click the Libraries icon in the left sidebar.
- Type DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 in the search box and locate the entry by DIYables.
- Click Install to add the library.
- When prompted to install dependencies, click Install All — this adds the required Adafruit GFX library and any other needed packages.
Step 2 — Understand the Core API
Every SSD1309 sketch on the Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 follows the same four-step pattern:
1. Include headers
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <DIYables_OLED_SSD1309.h>
2. Define screen dimensions and create the display object
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64
#define OLED_RESET -1 // Reset pin unused on most I2C modules
#define SCREEN_ADDRESS 0x3C
DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);
3. Initialize in setup()
if (!display.begin(SSD1309_SWITCHCAPVCC, SCREEN_ADDRESS)) {
Serial.println(F("SSD1309 allocation failed"));
for (;;); // halt on failure
}
4. Draw and push to screen
display.clearDisplay();
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setTextColor(SSD1309_PIXEL_ON);
display.setCursor(0, 20);
display.println(F("Hello MKR"));
display.display(); // frames are buffered — must call display() to update
Quick API Reference
| Function | Purpose |
|----------|---------|
| clearDisplay() | Wipe the RAM buffer (all pixels off) |
| display() | Push the buffer to the physical screen |
| drawPixel(x, y, color) | Toggle a single pixel |
| setTextSize(n) | Font scale factor (1–8) |
| setCursor(x, y) | Set the text insertion point |
| setTextColor(SSD1309_PIXEL_ON) | White text, transparent background |
| println(value) | Print text, integer, or float and newline |
| startscrollright(s, e) | Hardware scroll right (pages s to e) |
| startscrollleft(s, e) | Hardware scroll left |
| startscrolldiagright(s, e) | Diagonal scroll right |
| startscrolldiagleft(s, e) | Diagonal scroll left |
| stopscroll() | Stop active hardware scroll |
| setContrast(0–255) | Fine-tune display brightness |
| dim(true/false) | Quick minimum/normal brightness toggle |
| invertDisplay(true/false) | Invert all pixels at hardware level |
Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 Code — Hello World on SSD1309 OLED
Start here if you are new to this display. The sketch prints a few lines of text using different font sizes to verify that everything is wired and configured correctly.
/*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code was developed by newbiely.com
*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code is made available for public use without any restriction
*
* For comprehensive instructions and wiring diagrams, please visit:
* https://newbiely.com/tutorials/arduino-mkr/arduino-mkr-wifi-1010-ssd1309-oled-display
*/
/*
* DIYables OLED SSD1309 – Hello World
* Prints text in two sizes on the 2.42 inch 128x64 I2C OLED with Arduino Nano.
*/
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <DIYables_OLED_SSD1309.h>
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64
#define OLED_RESET -1
#define SCREEN_ADDRESS 0x3C
DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
if (!display.begin(SSD1309_SWITCHCAPVCC, SCREEN_ADDRESS)) {
Serial.println(F("SSD1309 allocation failed"));
for (;;);
}
display.clearDisplay();
display.setTextSize(1); // 6x8 pixels per character
display.setTextColor(SSD1309_PIXEL_ON); // turn pixels on
display.setCursor(0, 0);
display.println(F("Hello, World!"));
display.println();
display.setTextSize(2); // 12x16 pixels per character
display.println(F("DIYables"));
display.setTextSize(1);
display.println();
display.println(F("SSD1309 OLED 128x64"));
display.display(); // push buffer to screen
}
void loop() { }
Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 Code — Display Text on SSD1309 OLED
A more complete text example covering multiple font sizes, integer and float formatting, and the F() macro to keep strings in flash memory rather than RAM.
/*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code was developed by newbiely.com
*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code is made available for public use without any restriction
*
* For comprehensive instructions and wiring diagrams, please visit:
* https://newbiely.com/tutorials/arduino-mkr/arduino-mkr-wifi-1010-ssd1309-oled-display
*/
/*
* DIYables OLED SSD1309 – Display Text
* Displays text in various sizes and formats on the 2.42" SSD1309 OLED with Arduino Nano.
*/
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <DIYables_OLED_SSD1309.h>
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64
#define OLED_RESET -1
#define SCREEN_ADDRESS 0x3C
DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
if (!display.begin(SSD1309_SWITCHCAPVCC, SCREEN_ADDRESS)) {
Serial.println(F("SSD1309 allocation failed"));
for (;;);
}
display.clearDisplay();
// Various text sizes
display.setTextSize(1);
display.setTextColor(SSD1309_PIXEL_ON);
display.setCursor(0, 0);
display.println(F("Size 1 - DIYables"));
display.setTextSize(2);
display.println(F("Size 2"));
display.setTextSize(3);
display.println(F("Sz3"));
display.display();
delay(3000);
// Number formatting
display.clearDisplay();
display.setTextSize(1);
display.setCursor(0, 0);
int value = 42;
float pi = 3.14159;
display.print(F("Integer: "));
display.println(value);
display.print(F("Float: "));
display.println(pi, 2); // 2 decimal places
display.print(F("Hex: 0x"));
display.println(value, HEX);
display.print(F("Binary: 0b"));
display.println(value, BIN);
display.display();
}
void loop() { }
How to Center Text on the SSD1309 OLED
Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 Code — Draw Shapes on SSD1309 OLED
The DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 library inherits the full Adafruit GFX drawing API, giving you pixels, lines, rectangles, filled rectangles, circles, filled circles, triangles, filled triangles, and rounded rectangles — all available immediately without any extra setup.
/*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code was developed by newbiely.com
*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code is made available for public use without any restriction
*
* For comprehensive instructions and wiring diagrams, please visit:
* https://newbiely.com/tutorials/arduino-mkr/arduino-mkr-wifi-1010-ssd1309-oled-display
*/
/*
* DIYables OLED SSD1309 – Draw Shapes
* Demonstrates drawing pixels, lines, rectangles, circles, and triangles on the 2.42" OLED with Arduino Nano.
*/
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <DIYables_OLED_SSD1309.h>
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64
#define OLED_RESET -1
#define SCREEN_ADDRESS 0x3C
DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
if (!display.begin(SSD1309_SWITCHCAPVCC, SCREEN_ADDRESS)) {
Serial.println(F("SSD1309 allocation failed"));
for (;;);
}
display.clearDisplay();
display.display();
}
void loop() {
// Draw pixels
display.clearDisplay();
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
display.drawPixel(random(SCREEN_WIDTH), random(SCREEN_HEIGHT), SSD1309_PIXEL_ON);
}
display.display();
delay(2000);
// Draw lines
display.clearDisplay();
for (int y = 0; y < SCREEN_HEIGHT; y += 8) {
display.drawLine(0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH - 1, y, SSD1309_PIXEL_ON);
}
display.display();
delay(2000);
// Draw rectangles
display.clearDisplay();
display.drawRect(10, 10, 40, 30, SSD1309_PIXEL_ON); // outline
display.fillRect(60, 10, 40, 30, SSD1309_PIXEL_ON); // filled
display.drawRoundRect(10, 45, 40, 15, 5, SSD1309_PIXEL_ON); // rounded corners
display.display();
delay(2000);
// Draw circles
display.clearDisplay();
display.drawCircle(32, 32, 20, SSD1309_PIXEL_ON); // outline
display.fillCircle(96, 32, 20, SSD1309_PIXEL_ON); // filled
display.display();
delay(2000);
// Draw triangles
display.clearDisplay();
display.drawTriangle(20, 10, 10, 50, 30, 50, SSD1309_PIXEL_ON); // outline
display.fillTriangle(90, 10, 70, 50, 110, 50, SSD1309_PIXEL_ON); // filled
display.display();
delay(2000);
}
Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 Code — Hardware Scrolling on SSD1309 OLED
One of the SSD1309's standout features is its on-chip scroll controller. It shifts the display contents autonomously — right, left, diagonal-right, or diagonal-left — freeing the MKR WiFi 1010 CPU for other tasks entirely. Scroll range is controlled by start and stop page numbers; each page is an 8-pixel-tall horizontal strip (pages 0–7 for a 64-pixel display).
※ NOTE THAT:
Push your content to the OLED with display() before activating any scroll. To update the screen while a scroll is running, call stopscroll() first, redraw, then restart the scroll if needed.
/*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code was developed by newbiely.com
*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code is made available for public use without any restriction
*
* For comprehensive instructions and wiring diagrams, please visit:
* https://newbiely.com/tutorials/arduino-mkr/arduino-mkr-wifi-1010-ssd1309-oled-display
*/
/*
* DIYables OLED SSD1309 – Scroll Text
* Demonstrates all four hardware scroll directions on the 2.42" OLED with Arduino Nano.
*/
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <DIYables_OLED_SSD1309.h>
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64
#define OLED_RESET -1
#define SCREEN_ADDRESS 0x3C
DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
if (!display.begin(SSD1309_SWITCHCAPVCC, SCREEN_ADDRESS)) {
Serial.println(F("SSD1309 allocation failed"));
for (;;);
}
display.clearDisplay();
display.setTextSize(2);
display.setTextColor(SSD1309_PIXEL_ON);
display.setCursor(10, 24);
display.println(F("DIYables"));
display.display();
delay(2000);
}
void loop() {
// Scroll right across all pages
display.startscrollright(0x00, 0x07);
delay(3000);
display.stopscroll();
delay(500);
// Scroll left
display.startscrollleft(0x00, 0x07);
delay(3000);
display.stopscroll();
delay(500);
// Diagonal scroll right
display.startscrolldiagright(0x00, 0x07);
delay(3000);
display.stopscroll();
delay(500);
// Diagonal scroll left
display.startscrolldiagleft(0x00, 0x07);
delay(3000);
display.stopscroll();
delay(500);
}
Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 Code — Display Bitmap Image on SSD1309 OLED
Displaying a custom image requires converting it to a C byte array in advance. Use the free image2cpp online tool:
- Upload your source image (PNG, JPG, BMP, GIF, etc.).
- Set the canvas size to 128×64 (or the exact dimensions you need).
- Select Arduino code as the output format.
- Copy the resulting const unsigned char array into your sketch.
/*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code was developed by newbiely.com
*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code is made available for public use without any restriction
*
* For comprehensive instructions and wiring diagrams, please visit:
* https://newbiely.com/tutorials/arduino-mkr/arduino-mkr-wifi-1010-ssd1309-oled-display
*/
/*
* DIYables OLED SSD1309 – Display Bitmap Image
* Shows a 16x16 heart icon and 128x64 DIYables logo on the 2.42" OLED with Arduino Nano.
*/
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <DIYables_OLED_SSD1309.h>
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64
#define OLED_RESET -1
#define SCREEN_ADDRESS 0x3C
DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);
// 16x16 heart icon bitmap
const unsigned char heart_icon[] PROGMEM = {
0x00, 0x00, 0x0c, 0x30, 0x1e, 0x78, 0x3f, 0xfc, 0x7f, 0xfe, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xfe, 0x3f, 0xfc, 0x1f, 0xf8, 0x0f, 0xf0, 0x03, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00
};
// 128x64 DIYables logo bitmap
const unsigned char diyables_logo[] PROGMEM = {
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x07, 0xff, 0xc1, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x7f, 0xf0, 0x1f, 0xfc, 0x03, 0x00, 0x7f,
0xff, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xf7, 0xff, 0xf9, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x0f, 0x80, 0x3f,
0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfd, 0xff, 0xfe, 0xff, 0xff, 0x9f, 0xc0, 0x1f,
0xff, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x80, 0xff, 0x00, 0x7f, 0xc0, 0x3f, 0xf0, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x1f,
0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x3f, 0x80, 0x1f, 0xe0, 0x07, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x0f,
0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x01, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x0f,
0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x03, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x07,
0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x07, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x03,
0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x0f, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x03,
0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x0f, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x01,
0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x1f, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x01,
0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x7f, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x7f, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xfc, 0x01, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xf8, 0x01, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xf8, 0x03, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xf0, 0x03, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x80, 0x1f, 0xe0, 0x07, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xf0, 0x07, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x80, 0xff, 0x00, 0x7f, 0xc0, 0x3f, 0xf0, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xf0, 0x07, 0xfe, 0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfd, 0xff, 0xfe, 0xff, 0xff, 0x9f, 0xc0, 0x00,
0xff, 0xe0, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xf7, 0xff, 0xf9, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x0f, 0x80, 0x00,
0xff, 0xe0, 0x0f, 0xf8, 0x07, 0xff, 0xc1, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x7f, 0xf0, 0x1f, 0xfc, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xe0, 0x1f, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xc0, 0x1f, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xc0, 0x3f, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0xc0, 0x3f, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0xff, 0x80, 0x7f, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0x80, 0x7f, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0x80, 0xfe, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0x00, 0xfc, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0x01, 0xf8, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0x01, 0xf0, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xfe, 0x03, 0xe0, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xfe, 0x07, 0xc0, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xfc, 0x0f, 0x80, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xf8, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xf0, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xe0, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xc0, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0x81, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0x03, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff
};
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
if (!display.begin(SSD1309_SWITCHCAPVCC, SCREEN_ADDRESS)) {
Serial.println(F("SSD1309 allocation failed"));
for (;;);
}
display.clearDisplay();
display.display();
}
void loop() {
// Display small heart icon centered
display.clearDisplay();
display.drawBitmap((SCREEN_WIDTH - 16) / 2, (SCREEN_HEIGHT - 16) / 2, heart_icon, 16, 16, SSD1309_PIXEL_ON);
display.display();
delay(3000);
// Display full-screen DIYables logo
display.clearDisplay();
display.drawBitmap(0, 0, diyables_logo, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SSD1309_PIXEL_ON);
display.display();
delay(3000);
// Invert display
display.invertDisplay(true);
delay(2000);
display.invertDisplay(false);
delay(1000);
}
※ NOTE THAT:
- Keep bitmap dimensions at or below 128×64 — the full resolution of this display module.
Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 Code — Contrast and Dim on SSD1309 OLED
Fine-tune how bright your display appears using setContrast() (256 discrete levels from 0 to 255) or use dim() as a fast on/off toggle between minimum brightness and whatever contrast level was previously set.
/*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code was developed by newbiely.com
*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code is made available for public use without any restriction
*
* For comprehensive instructions and wiring diagrams, please visit:
* https://newbiely.com/tutorials/arduino-mkr/arduino-mkr-wifi-1010-ssd1309-oled-display
*/
/*
* DIYables OLED SSD1309 – Contrast & Dim
* Sweeps contrast from 0→255→0 then toggles dim mode on the 2.42" OLED with Arduino Nano.
*/
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <DIYables_OLED_SSD1309.h>
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64
#define OLED_RESET -1
#define SCREEN_ADDRESS 0x3C
DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
if (!display.begin(SSD1309_SWITCHCAPVCC, SCREEN_ADDRESS)) {
Serial.println(F("SSD1309 allocation failed"));
for (;;);
}
// Draw a test pattern so the contrast changes are visible
display.clearDisplay();
display.fillRect(0, 0, 64, 32, SSD1309_PIXEL_ON);
display.fillRect(64, 32, 64, 32, SSD1309_PIXEL_ON);
display.setTextSize(1);
display.setTextColor(SSD1309_PIXEL_INVERSE);
display.setCursor(16, 28);
display.println(F("Contrast Demo"));
display.display();
delay(2000);
}
void loop() {
// Ramp up
for (int c = 0; c <= 255; c += 5) {
display.setContrast((uint8_t)c);
delay(30);
}
delay(1000);
// Ramp down
for (int c = 255; c >= 0; c -= 5) {
display.setContrast((uint8_t)c);
delay(30);
}
delay(1000);
// Quick dim toggle
display.dim(true); // minimum brightness
delay(2000);
display.dim(false); // restore
delay(2000);
}
Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 Code — Custom External Fonts on SSD1309 OLED
Adafruit GFX ships with a large collection of FreeFont typefaces — Serif, Sans, and Mono families, each in Regular, Bold, Italic variants and four point sizes. Swap in any font by including its header file and calling setFont() before drawing text.
※ NOTE THAT:
- With an external font active, the cursor Y coordinate marks the text baseline rather than the upper-left corner. Account for this when calculating text placement.
- Font data lives in flash (PROGMEM). Choose fonts selectively; each one consumes flash space on the Arduino MKR WiFi 1010.
/*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code was developed by newbiely.com
*
* This Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 code is made available for public use without any restriction
*
* For comprehensive instructions and wiring diagrams, please visit:
* https://newbiely.com/tutorials/arduino-mkr/arduino-mkr-wifi-1010-ssd1309-oled-display
*/
/*
* DIYables OLED SSD1309 – External Fonts
* Cycles through three FreeFont typefaces on the 2.42" SSD1309 OLED with Arduino Nano.
*/
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <DIYables_OLED_SSD1309.h>
#include <Fonts/FreeSerif9pt7b.h>
#include <Fonts/FreeSansBold12pt7b.h>
#include <Fonts/FreeMono9pt7b.h>
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64
#define OLED_RESET -1
#define SCREEN_ADDRESS 0x3C
DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
if (!display.begin(SSD1309_SWITCHCAPVCC, SCREEN_ADDRESS)) {
Serial.println(F("SSD1309 allocation failed"));
for (;;);
}
display.clearDisplay();
display.display();
}
void loop() {
// ── Built-in 5×7 font ──
display.clearDisplay();
display.setFont(NULL);
display.setTextSize(1);
display.setTextColor(SSD1309_PIXEL_ON);
display.setCursor(0, 0);
display.println(F("Built-in 5x7 font"));
display.println();
display.setTextSize(2);
display.println(F("DIYables"));
display.display();
delay(3000);
// ── FreeSerif 9pt ──
display.clearDisplay();
display.setFont(&FreeSerif9pt7b);
display.setTextSize(1);
display.setTextColor(SSD1309_PIXEL_ON);
display.setCursor(0, 14); // Y = baseline
display.println(F("FreeSerif 9pt"));
display.setCursor(0, 38);
display.println(F("DIYables OLED"));
display.setCursor(0, 58);
display.println(F("Hello World!"));
display.display();
delay(3000);
// ── FreeSansBold 12pt ──
display.clearDisplay();
display.setFont(&FreeSansBold12pt7b);
display.setTextSize(1);
display.setTextColor(SSD1309_PIXEL_ON);
display.setCursor(0, 20);
display.println(F("SansBold"));
display.setCursor(0, 52);
display.println(F("DIYables"));
display.display();
delay(3000);
// ── FreeMono 9pt ──
display.clearDisplay();
display.setFont(&FreeMono9pt7b);
display.setTextSize(1);
display.setTextColor(SSD1309_PIXEL_ON);
display.setCursor(0, 14);
display.println(F("FreeMono 9pt"));
display.setCursor(0, 34);
display.println(F("0123456789"));
display.setCursor(0, 54);
display.println(F("!@#$%^&*()"));
display.display();
delay(3000);
}
Troubleshooting the SSD1309 OLED on Arduino MKR WiFi 1010
Nothing on screen after uploading? Work through this checklist before revisiting your code:
Wiring problems (most common cause)
- SDA must go to A4, SCL to A5, VCC to 3.3V, and GND to GND.
- Re-seat every jumper — loose connections cause intermittent or no display output.
Wrong driver chip
- The DIYables_OLED_SSD1309 library is written specifically for the SSD1309. Modules based on the SH1106 or SSD1306 use different libraries and will not respond.
Unexpected I2C address
- 0x3C is the default for most SSD1309 modules, but some are factory-set to 0x3D. Upload the I2C scanner below to determine which address your module uses:
// I2C address scanner — prints every detected device to the Serial Monitor
#include <Wire.h>
void setup()
{
Wire.begin();
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("I2C Scanner");
}
void loop()
{
byte error, address;
int nDevices = 0;
Serial.println("Scanning...");
for (address = 1; address < 127; address++)
{
Wire.beginTransmission(address);
error = Wire.endTransmission();
if (error == 0)
{
Serial.print("I2C device found at address 0x");
if (address < 16)
Serial.print("0");
Serial.print(address, HEX);
Serial.println(" !");
nDevices++;
}
else if (error == 4)
{
Serial.print("Unknown error at address 0x");
if (address < 16)
Serial.print("0");
Serial.println(address, HEX);
}
}
if (nDevices == 0)
Serial.println("No I2C devices found");
else
Serial.println("done");
delay(5000);
}
Expected Serial Monitor output when the SSD1309 is present:
COM6
Scanning...
I2C device found at address 0x3C !
done
Autoscroll
Clear output
9600 baud
Newline
Missing display() call
- All drawing functions write to a RAM buffer, not directly to the screen. Your sketch must call oled.display() to transfer the buffer and make changes visible.
Insufficient current
- The 2.42-inch SSD1309 module draws more current than smaller OLED displays (typically 20–40 mA at full brightness). Ensure your 3.3V supply can handle the load.