Raspberry Pi - Potentiometer Piezo Buzzer

This tutorial instructs you how to use Raspberry Pi and potentiometer to control piezo buzzer. In detail:

Hardware Preparation

1×Raspberry Pi 4 Model B
1×Potentiometer
1×Potentiometer Kit
1×ADS1115 ADC Module
1×Piezo Buzzer
1×Breadboard
1×Jumper Wires
1×(Optional) Screw Terminal Adapter for Raspberry Pi
1×(Optional) Power Adapter for Raspberry Pi 4B
1×(Optional) Plastic Case for Raspberry Pi 4B

Or you can buy the following sensor kits:

1×DIYables Sensor Kit (30 sensors/displays)
1×DIYables Sensor Kit (18 sensors/displays)
Disclosure: Some of the links provided in this section are Amazon affiliate links. We may receive a commission for any purchases made through these links at no additional cost to you.
Additionally, some of these links are for products from our own brand, DIYables.

Overview of Piezo Buzzer and Potentiometer

If you are unfamiliar with piezo buzzer and potentiometer (including pinout, functioning, and programming), the following tutorials can help:

Wiring Diagram

The wiring diagram between Raspberry Pi and Potentiometer Piezo Buzzer

This image is created using Fritzing. Click to enlarge image

Raspberry Pi Code - Simple Sound

Detailed Instructions

  • Make sure you have Raspbian or any other Raspberry Pi compatible operating system installed on your Pi.
  • Make sure your Raspberry Pi is connected to the same local network as your PC.
  • Make sure your Raspberry Pi is connected to the internet if you need to install some libraries.
  • If this is the first time you use Raspberry Pi, See how to set up the Raspberry Pi
  • Connect your PC to the Raspberry Pi via SSH using the built-in SSH client on Linux and macOS or PuTTY on Windows. See to how connect your PC to Raspberry Pi via SSH.
  • Make sure you have the RPi.GPIO library installed. If not, install it using the following command:
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install python3-rpi.gpio
  • Install the Adafruit_ADS1x15 library by running the following commands on your Raspberry Pi terminal:
sudo pip install Adafruit-ADS1x15
  • Create a Python script file potentiometer_buzzer.py and add the following code:
""" This Raspberry Pi code was developed by newbiely.com This Raspberry Pi code is made available for public use without any restriction For comprehensive instructions and wiring diagrams, please visit: https://newbiely.com/tutorials/raspberry-pi/raspberry-pi-potentiometer-piezo-buzzer """ import time import RPi.GPIO as GPIO import Adafruit_ADS1x15 # Constants ADC_CHANNEL = 0 # Analog channel on ADS1015 GAIN = 1 # Gain (1, 2/3, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16) BUZZER_PIN = 23 # Raspberry Pi GPIO pin connected to the piezo buzzer # Threshold for triggering the buzzer THRESHOLD = 700 # Adjust this value based on your requirement # Setup GPIO GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM) GPIO.setup(BUZZER_PIN, GPIO.OUT) # Create ADS1x15 instance ads = Adafruit_ADS1x15.ADS1015() try: while True: # Read the raw ADC value from the potentiometer pot_value = ads.read_adc(ADC_CHANNEL, gain=GAIN) # Trigger the buzzer if the analog value is greater than the threshold if pot_value > THRESHOLD: GPIO.output(BUZZER_PIN, GPIO.HIGH) else: GPIO.output(BUZZER_PIN, GPIO.LOW) print(f"Potentiometer Value: {pot_value}") time.sleep(0.1) except KeyboardInterrupt: GPIO.output(BUZZER_PIN, GPIO.LOW) # Turn off the buzzer before cleanup GPIO.cleanup()
  • Save the file and run the Python script by executing the following command in the terminal:
python3 potentiometer_buzzer.py
  • Turn the potentiometer knob.
  • Listen to the sound coming from the piezo buzzer.

The script runs in an infinite loop continuously until you press Ctrl + C in the terminal.

Code Explanation

Check out the line-by-line explanation contained in the comments of the source code!

Raspberry Pi plays the melody of the song

Let play the "Jingle Bells" melody when the potentiometer is turned to a threshold value.

Detailed Instructions

  • Create a Python script file potentiometer_buzzer_song.py and add the following code:
""" This Raspberry Pi code was developed by newbiely.com This Raspberry Pi code is made available for public use without any restriction For comprehensive instructions and wiring diagrams, please visit: https://newbiely.com/tutorials/raspberry-pi/raspberry-pi-potentiometer-piezo-buzzer """ import time import RPi.GPIO as GPIO import Adafruit_ADS1x15 # Constants ADC_CHANNEL = 0 # Analog channel on ADS1015 GAIN = 1 # Gain (1, 2/3, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16) BUZZER_PIN = 23 # Raspberry Pi GPIO pin connected to the piezo buzzer # Threshold for triggering the buzzer THRESHOLD = 700 # Adjust this value based on your requirement # Setup GPIO GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM) GPIO.setup(BUZZER_PIN, GPIO.OUT) # Create ADS1x15 instance ads = Adafruit_ADS1x15.ADS1015() # Constants for note names and their corresponding frequencies C4 = 261 D4 = 293 E4 = 329 F4 = 349 G4 = 392 A4 = 440 B4 = 493 # Dictionary to map numeric values to note names note_names = { C4: "C4", D4: "D4", E4: "E4", F4: "F4", G4: "G4", A4: "A4", B4: "B4", } # List of notes in the "Jingle Bells" melody melody = [ E4, E4, E4, E4, E4, E4, E4, G4, C4, D4, E4, F4, F4, F4, F4, F4, E4, E4, E4, E4, E4, D4, D4, E4, D4, G4 ] # List of note durations (in milliseconds) note_durations = [ 200, 200, 400, 200, 200, 400, 200, 200, 200, 200, 200, 200, 200, 400, 200, 200, 200, 200, 200, 200, 200, 200, 200, 400, 200, 200 ] # Pause duration between notes (in milliseconds) pause_duration = 300 def play_tone(pin, frequency, duration): # Calculate the period based on the frequency period = 1.0 / frequency # Calculate the time for half of the period half_period = period / 2.0 # Calculate the number of cycles for the given duration cycles = int(duration / period) for _ in range(cycles): # Set the GPIO pin to HIGH GPIO.output(pin, GPIO.HIGH) # Wait for half of the period time.sleep(half_period) # Set the GPIO pin to LOW GPIO.output(pin, GPIO.LOW) # Wait for the other half of the period time.sleep(half_period) def play_jingle_bells(): for i in range(len(melody)): note_duration = note_durations[i] / 1000.0 note_freq = melody[i] note_name = note_names.get(note_freq, "Pause") print(f"Playing {note_name} (Frequency: {note_freq} Hz) for {note_duration} seconds") play_tone(BUZZER_PIN, note_freq, note_duration) time.sleep(pause_duration / 1000.0) GPIO.output(BUZZER_PIN, GPIO.LOW) try: while True: # Read the raw ADC value from the potentiometer pot_value = ads.read_adc(ADC_CHANNEL, gain=GAIN) # Trigger the buzzer if the analog value is greater than the threshold if pot_value > THRESHOLD: GPIO.output(BUZZER_PIN, GPIO.HIGH) else: GPIO.output(BUZZER_PIN, GPIO.LOW) print(f"Potentiometer Value: {pot_value}") time.sleep(0.1) except KeyboardInterrupt: GPIO.output(BUZZER_PIN, GPIO.LOW) # Turn off the buzzer before cleanup GPIO.cleanup()
  • Save the file and run the Python script by executing the following command in the terminal:
python3 potentiometer_buzzer_song.py
  • Turn the potentiometer.
  • Hear the song from the piezo buzzer.

Code Explanation

Check out the line-by-line explanation contained in the comments of the source code!

Video Tutorial

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