ESP8266 - MP3 Player
This tutorial instructs you how to make a MP3 player using ESP8266, MP3 player module, Micro SD Card, and speaker. The MP3 files (music, or recorded audio) are stored in the micro SD Card. Then, ESP8266 can control the MP3 player module to read a selected song from SD Car, convert it to audio signal, snd send the signal to the speaker. In detail, we will learn:
- How it works
- How to connect speaker, MP3 player modules to ESP8266
- How to program ESP8266 to play a song stored in the micro SD Card
- How to add the play/pause/next/previous buttons
Then, you can modify the code to add a potentiometer or rotatry encoder to change the volume.
Hardware Preparation
| 1 | × | ESP8266 NodeMCU | |
| 1 | × | Micro USB Cable | |
| 1 | × | Serial MP3 Player Module | |
| 1 | × | Micro SD Card | |
| 1 | × | 3.5mm Aux Speaker | |
| 1 | × | Jumper Wires | |
| 1 | × | (Optional) ESP8266 Screw Terminal Adapter |
Or you can buy the following sensor kit:
| 1 | × | DIYables Sensor Kit 30 types, 69 units |
Disclosure: Some of the links provided in this section are Amazon affiliate links. We may receive a commission for any purchases made through these links at no additional cost to you. We appreciate your support.
Overview of Serial MP3 Player Module and Speaker
Serial MP3 Player Module Pinout
A serial MP3 player module has three interfaces:
- The interface to ESP8266 includes 4 pins:
- RX pin: data pin, needs to be connected a TX pin of ESP8266 (Hardware or Software Serial)
- TX pin: data pin, needs to be connected a RX pin of ESP8266 (Hardware or Software Serial)
- VCC pin: power pin, needs to be connected to VCC (5V)
- GND pin: power pin, needs to be connected to GND (0V)
- The interface to the speaker is a 3.5mm Aux output female jack.
- The interface to the Micro SD Card is a Micro SD Card Socket in the back of the module.
image source: diyables.io
Speaker Pinout
A speaker usually has two interfaces:
- Audio signal interface: it is 3.5mm Aux male connector that connects to the MP3 player module
- Poweer interface: it can be USB, 5V power adapter or any other power interface
How It Works
What we need to prepare:
- Pre-store a list of songs or recorded audio that we want to play to micro SD Card.
- Insert the micro SD Card to the MP3 player module
- Connect the MP3 player module to ESP8266
- Connect the speaker to the MP3 player module to a
- Connect the speaker to a power source.
Each MP3 file stored on Micro SD Card will have an index. The index is the order of stored song, start from 0.
Then we can program ESP8266 to send command to the MP3 player module. It supports the following commands:
- Play
- Pause
- Play Next
- Play Previous
- Change volume
When the MP3 player module, it reads the MP3 file from the micro SD Card, converts the MP3 files to audio signal and outputs the audio signal to the speaker via the 3.5mm Aux interface.
Wiring Diagram
This image is created using Fritzing. Click to enlarge image
See more in ESP8266's pinout and how to supply power to the ESP8266 and other components.
ESP8266 Code - Play Music
The below code plays the first song stored on the Micro SD Card.
/*
* This ESP8266 NodeMCU code was developed by newbiely.com
*
* This ESP8266 NodeMCU code is made available for public use without any restriction
*
* For comprehensive instructions and wiring diagrams, please visit:
* https://newbiely.com/tutorials/esp8266/esp8266-mp3-player
*/
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#define CMD_PLAY_NEXT 0x01
#define CMD_PLAY_PREV 0x02
#define CMD_PLAY_W_INDEX 0x03
#define CMD_SET_VOLUME 0x06
#define CMD_SEL_DEV 0x09
#define CMD_PLAY_W_VOL 0x22
#define CMD_PLAY 0x0D
#define CMD_PAUSE 0x0E
#define CMD_SINGLE_CYCLE 0x19
#define DEV_TF 0x02
#define SINGLE_CYCLE_ON 0x00
#define SINGLE_CYCLE_OFF 0x01
#define ESP8266_RX D5 // The ESP8266 pin connected to the TX of the Serial MP3 Player module
#define ESP8266_TX D6 // The ESP8266 pin connected to the RX of the Serial MP3 Player module
SoftwareSerial mp3(ESP8266_RX, ESP8266_TX);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
mp3.begin(9600);
delay(500); // wait chip initialization is complete
mp3_command(CMD_SEL_DEV, DEV_TF); // select the TF card
delay(200); // wait for 200ms
mp3_command(CMD_PLAY, 0x0000); // Play mp3
//mp3_command(CMD_PAUSE, 0x0000); // Pause mp3
//mp3_command(CMD_PLAY_NEXT, 0x0000); // Play next mp3
//mp3_command(CMD_PLAY_PREV, 0x0000); // Play previous mp3
//mp3_command(CMD_SET_VOLUME, 30); // Change volume to 30
}
void loop() {
}
void mp3_command(int8_t command, int16_t dat) {
int8_t frame[8] = { 0 };
frame[0] = 0x7e; // starting byte
frame[1] = 0xff; // version
frame[2] = 0x06; // The number of bytes of the command without starting byte and ending byte
frame[3] = command; //
frame[4] = 0x00; // 0x00 = no feedback, 0x01 = feedback
frame[5] = (int8_t)(dat >> 8); // data high byte
frame[6] = (int8_t)(dat); // data low byte
frame[7] = 0xef; // ending byte
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
mp3.write(frame[i]);
}
}
Detailed Instructions
To get started with ESP8266 on Arduino IDE, follow these steps:
- Check out the how to setup environment for ESP8266 on Arduino IDE tutorial if this is your first time using ESP8266.
- Wire the components as shown in the diagram.
- Connect the ESP8266 board to your computer using a USB cable.
- Open Arduino IDE on your computer.
- Choose the correct ESP8266 board, such as (e.g. NodeMCU 1.0 (ESP-12E Module)), and its respective COM port.
- Follow the instructions on the How It Works
- Copy the above code and open with Arduino IDE
- Click Upload button on Arduino IDE to upload code to ESP8266
- Enjoy the music
ESP8266 Code - Play Music with control buttons
The below code is an upgrade of the previous code. It adds foyr buttons to let you interact with MP3 player.
/*
* This ESP8266 NodeMCU code was developed by newbiely.com
*
* This ESP8266 NodeMCU code is made available for public use without any restriction
*
* For comprehensive instructions and wiring diagrams, please visit:
* https://newbiely.com/tutorials/esp8266/esp8266-mp3-player
*/
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <ezButton.h>
#define CMD_PLAY_NEXT 0x01
#define CMD_PLAY_PREV 0x02
#define CMD_PLAY_W_INDEX 0x03
#define CMD_SET_VOLUME 0x06
#define CMD_SEL_DEV 0x09
#define CMD_PLAY_W_VOL 0x22
#define CMD_PLAY 0x0D
#define CMD_PAUSE 0x0E
#define CMD_SINGLE_CYCLE 0x19
#define DEV_TF 0x02
#define SINGLE_CYCLE_ON 0x00
#define SINGLE_CYCLE_OFF 0x01
#define ESP8266_RX D5 // The ESP8266 pin connected to the TX of the Serial MP3 Player module
#define ESP8266_TX D6 // The ESP8266 pin connected to the RX of the Serial MP3 Player module
SoftwareSerial mp3(ESP8266_RX, ESP8266_TX);
ezButton button_play(D1); // create ezButton object for pin D1
ezButton button_pause(D2); // create ezButton object for pin D2
ezButton button_next(D3); // create ezButton object for pin D3
ezButton button_prev(D4); // create ezButton object for pin D4
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
mp3.begin(9600);
delay(500); // wait chip initialization is complete
mp3_command(CMD_SEL_DEV, DEV_TF); // select the TF card
delay(200); // wait for 200ms
button_play.setDebounceTime(50); // set debounce time to 50 milliseconds
button_pause.setDebounceTime(50); // set debounce time to 50 milliseconds
button_next.setDebounceTime(50); // set debounce time to 50 milliseconds
button_prev.setDebounceTime(50); // set debounce time to 50 milliseconds
}
void loop() {
button_play.loop(); // MUST call the loop() function first
button_pause.loop(); // MUST call the loop() function first
button_next.loop(); // MUST call the loop() function first
button_prev.loop(); // MUST call the loop() function first
if (button_play.isPressed()) {
Serial.println("Play mp3");
mp3_command(CMD_PLAY, 0x0000);
}
if (button_pause.isPressed()) {
Serial.println("Pause mp3");
mp3_command(CMD_PAUSE, 0x0000);
}
if (button_next.isPressed()) {
Serial.println("Play next mp3");
mp3_command(CMD_PLAY_NEXT, 0x0000);
}
if (button_prev.isPressed()) {
Serial.println("Play previous mp3");
mp3_command(CMD_PLAY_PREV, 0x0000);
}
}
void mp3_command(int8_t command, int16_t dat) {
int8_t frame[8] = { 0 };
frame[0] = 0x7e; // starting byte
frame[1] = 0xff; // version
frame[2] = 0x06; // The number of bytes of the command without starting byte and ending byte
frame[3] = command; //
frame[4] = 0x00; // 0x00 = no feedback, 0x01 = feedback
frame[5] = (int8_t)(dat >> 8); // data high byte
frame[6] = (int8_t)(dat); // data low byte
frame[7] = 0xef; // ending byte
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
mp3.write(frame[i]);
}
}
The wiring diagram for the above code:
This image is created using Fritzing. Click to enlarge image
Now, you can modify the projects to add more functions, for example:
- Add a potentiometer to control the volume, see ESP8266 Potentiometer tutorial
- Add an IR remote controller, see ESP8266 IR Remote Controller tutorial
- Add a RFID reader and card to make RFID MP3 player, see ESP8266 RFID tutorial